The Fluency Development Lesson (FDL) was introduced by which researchers, and what did it emphasize?

The Fluency Development Lesson (FDL) was introduced by which researchers, and what did it emphasize?

• A. Rasinski and Nageldinger; performance-oriented re-reading
• B. Rasinski and Nageldinger; silent reading
• C. Nageldinger only; performance-oriented re-reading
• D. Rasinski only; vocabulary development

Answer: (A)

The key idea here is that Fluency Development Lesson focuses on building oral reading fluency through repeated, guided practice with a clear performance purpose. It was developed by Rasinski and Nageldinger, and its emphasis is on performance-oriented re-reading—students read aloud the same passage multiple times to become faster, more accurate, and more expressive, often with feedback and modeling from the teacher. This isn’t about silent reading or vocabulary work; it centers on getting students to read with prosody and flow as they rehearse and perform their reading.

The key idea here is that Fluency Development Lesson focuses on building oral reading fluency through repeated, guided practice with a clear performance purpose. It was developed by Rasinski and Nageldinger, and its emphasis is on performance-oriented re-reading—students read aloud the same passage multiple times to become faster, more accurate, and more expressive, often with feedback and modeling from the teacher. This isn’t about silent reading or vocabulary work; it centers on getting students to read with prosody and flow as they rehearse and perform their reading.